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Acetaminophen
Information
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Brand Name: Tylenol Drug Name:
Acetaminophen
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About Acetaminophen
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Acetaminophen is used to relieve pain and
reduce fever. Unlike aspirin, it does not relieve the redness,
stiffness, or swelling caused by rheumatoid arthritis. However,
it may relieve the pain caused by mild forms of arthritis.
Cautions
With Acetaminophen
Allergies—Tell
your doctor if you have ever had any unusual or allergic
reaction to acetaminophen or aspirin. Also tell your health
care professional if you are allergic to any other substances,
such as foods, preservatives, or dyes.
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Pregnancy—Although
studies have not been done in pregnant women, acetaminophen
has not been reported to cause birth defects or other
problems.
Breast-feeding—Although
acetaminophen passes into the breast milk in small amounts, it
has not been reported to cause problems in nursing babies.
Children—This
medicine has been tested in children and has not been shown to
cause different side effects or problems than it does in
adults. However, some children's products containing
acetaminophen also contain aspartame, which may be dangerous
if it is given to children with phenylketonuria.
Older adults—Acetaminophen
has been tested and has not been shown to cause different side
effects or problems in older people than it does in younger
adults.
Other medicines—Although
certain medicines should not be used together at all, in other
cases two different medicines may be used together even if an
interaction might occur. In these cases, your doctor may want
to change the dose, or other precautions may be necessary.
Tell your health care professional if you are taking any other
prescription or nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC])
medicine.
Other medical problems—The
presence of other medical problems may affect the use of
acetaminophen. Make sure you tell your doctor if you have any
other medical problems, especially:
- Alcohol abuse or
- Kidney disease (severe) or
- Hepatitis or other liver disease—The
chance of serious side effects may be increased
- Phenylketonuria—Some brands of
acetaminophen contain aspartame, which can make your
condition worse
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Check
with your doctor:
- If you are taking this medicine to relieve pain, including
arthritis pain, and the pain lasts for more than 10 days for
adults or 5 days for children or if the pain gets worse, new
symptoms occur, or the painful area is red or swollen. These could
be signs of a serious condition that needs medical or dental
treatment.
- If you are taking this medicine to bring down a fever, and the
fever lasts for more than 3 days or returns, the fever gets worse,
new symptoms occur, or redness or swelling is present. These could
be signs of a serious condition that needs treatment.
- If you are taking this medicine for a sore throat, and the
sore throat is very painful, lasts for more than 2 days, or occurs
together with or is followed by fever, headache, skin rash,
nausea, or vomiting.
Check the labels of all prescription and
nonprescription (over-the-counter [OTC]) medicines you now take. If
any contain acetaminophen, check with your health care professional.
Taking them together with this medicine may cause an overdose.
If you will be taking more than an occasional 1 or
2 doses of acetaminophen, do not drink alcoholic beverages.
To do so may increase the chance of liver damage, especially if you
drink large amounts of alcoholic beverages regularly, if you take
more acetaminophen than is recommended on the package label, or if
you take it regularly for a long time.
Taking certain other medicines together with
acetaminophen may increase the chance of unwanted effects. The risk
will depend on how much of each medicine you take every day, and on
how long you take the medicines together. If your medical doctor or
dentist directs you to take these medicines together on a regular
basis, follow his or her directions carefully. However, do not
take any of the following medicines together with acetaminophen for
more than a few days unless your doctor has directed you to do so
and is following your progress:
- Aspirin or other salicylates
- Diclofenac (e.g., Voltaren)
- Diflunisal (e.g., Dolobid)
- Etodolac (e.g., Lodine)
- Fenoprofen (e.g., Nalfon)
- Floctafenine (e.g., Idarac)
- Flurbiprofen, oral (e.g., Ansaid)
- Ibuprofen (e.g., Motrin)
- Indomethacin (e.g., Indocin)
- Ketoprofen (e.g., Orudis)
- Ketorolac (e.g., Toradol)
- Meclofenamate (e.g., Meclomen)
- Mefenamic acid (e.g., Ponstel)
- Nabumetone (e.g., Relafen)
- Naproxen (e.g., Naprosyn)
- Oxaprozin (e.g., Daypro)
- Phenylbutazone (e.g., Butazolidin)
- Piroxicam (e.g., Feldene)
- Sulindac (e.g., Clinoril)
- Tenoxicam (e.g., Apo-Tenoxicam)
- Tiaprofenic acid (e.g., Surgam)
- Tolmetin (e.g., Tolectin)
Acetaminophen may interfere with the results of
some medical tests. Before you have any medical tests, tell the
person in charge if you have taken acetaminophen within the past 3
or 4 days. If possible, it is best to call the laboratory where the
test will be done about 4 days ahead of time, to find out whether
this medicine may be taken during the 3 or 4 days before the test.
For diabetic patients:
- Acetaminophen may cause false results with some blood glucose
(sugar) tests. If you notice any change in your test results, or
if you have any questions about this possible problem, check with
your health care professional. This is especially important if
your diabetes is not well-controlled.
For patients taking one of the products that
contain caffeine in addition to acetaminophen:
- Caffeine may interfere with the results of a test that uses
adenosine (e.g., Adenocard) or dipyridamole (e.g., Persantine) to
help find out how well your blood is flowing through certain blood
vessels. Therefore, you should not have any caffeine for 8 to 12
hours before the test.
If you think that you or anyone else may have
taken an overdose of acetaminophen, get emergency help at once, even
if there are no signs of poisoning. Signs
of severe poisoning may not appear for 2 to 4 days after the
overdose is taken, but treatment to prevent liver damage or death
must be started as soon as possible. Treatment started more than 24
hours after the overdose is taken may not be effective.
Acetaminophen
Side Effects
Check with your doctor immediately
if any of the following side effects occur:
- Rare: Yellow
eyes or skin
Also, check with your doctor as soon as possible
if any of the following side effects occur:
- Rare:
Bloody or black, tarry stools; bloody or cloudy urine; fever
with or without chills (not present before treatment and not
caused by the condition being treated); pain in lower back
and/or side (severe and/or sharp); pinpoint red spots on skin;
skin rash, hives, or itching; sores, ulcers, or white spots on
lips or in mouth; sore throat (not present before treatment and
not caused by the condition being treated); sudden decrease in
amount of urine; unusual bleeding or bruising; unusual
tiredness or weakness
Acetaminophen
Overdose
Symptoms
- Diarrhea; increased sweating; loss of
appetite; nausea or vomiting ; stomach cramps or pain;
swelling, pain, or tenderness in the upper abdomen or stomach
area
Other side effects not listed above may also
occur in some patients. If you notice any other effects, check
with your doctor.
ACETAMINOPHEN
DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
The dose of acetaminophen will be different for
different patients. Follow your doctor's orders or the
directions on the label. The following information includes
only the average doses of acetaminophen. If your dose is
different, do not change it unless your doctor tells you to.
The number of capsules, tablets, teaspoonfuls of
oral solution or suspension that you take, the amount of oral
granules or powders that you take, or the number of suppositories
that you use, depends on the strength of the medicine. Also, the
number of doses you use each day and the time allowed between
doses depend on the strength of the medicine.
- For oral dosage forms (capsules,
granules, powders, solution, suspension, or tablets) and
rectal dosage forms (suppositories):
- For pain or fever:
- Adults and teenagers—325 or 500
milligrams (mg) every three or four hours, 650 mg every four
to six hours, or 1000 mg every six hours as needed.The total
dose should not be more than 4000 mg (for example, eight
500–mg tablets) a day.
- Children—Acetaminophen dose is based on
the child's age.
- Infants up to 3 months of age: 40 mg
every four hours as needed.
- Infants 4 to 12 months of age: 80 mg
every four hours as needed.
- Children 1 to 2 years of age: 120 mg
every four hours as needed.
- Children 2 to 4 years of age: 160 mg
every four hours as needed.
- Children 4 to 6 years of age: 240 mg
every four hours as needed.
- Children 6 to 9 years of age: 320 mg
every four hours as needed.
- Children 9 to 11 years of age: 320 to
400 mg every four hours as needed.
- Children 11 to 12 years of age: 320 to
480 mg every four hours as needed.
Storage
- Keep out of the reach of children.
- Store away from heat and direct light.
- Do not store acetaminophen tablets (including caplets and
gelcaps), capsules, or granules in the bathroom, near the kitchen
sink, or in other damp places. Heat or moisture may cause the
medicine to break down.
- Keep the liquid and suppository forms of this medicine from
freezing.
- Do not keep outdated medicine or medicine no longer needed. Be
sure that any discarded medicine is out of the reach of children.
| Information
on this site is for informational purposes and is not
meant to substitute for the advice provided by your own physician
or other medical professional. You should not use this information
for diagnosing or treating a health problem or
disease, or prescribing any medication. |
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